风化作用、成煤作用、地质作用

风化作用
风化作用指的是地球表面的岩石受太阳辐射、温度变化、氧、二氧化碳、水和生物等作用,发生崩解破碎、化学性质改变与元素迁移的过程。风化作用按其动力学特征,分为物理风化、化学风化和生物风化三类。
物理风化是因温度剧烈变化,岩石在不同深度热胀冷缩程度的差异,组成岩石的矿物膨胀系数不同,岩石裂隙孔隙中水的冻胀对岩壁产生的压强,和岩石干湿变化、盐类重结晶产生的撑胀作用,引起岩石不均衡胀缩,导致岩石疏松崩解,改变体积大小而岩石成分未变的一种机械破坏现象。在寒冷干燥地区最盛行。
化学风化是岩石在水、空气中二氧化碳、氧气和各种水溶液的化学作用下,发生水解或水合作用、氧化还原反应、碳酸盐化和脱碳酸盐化作用以及脱硅和复硅过程,引起岩石改变性质和化学元素淋滤、迁移或淀积的作用过程。
生物风化是生物生长和分解过程中,通过生物体新陈代谢分泌的各种酸类(如碳酸、硝酸和有机酸)对岩石的腐蚀作用和植物根系对岩石挤胀及一些动物在岩石中挖掘穿凿活动,使岩石崩解破坏的生物化学和生物物理过程。

 

成煤作用
成煤作用指的是从植物死亡堆积到形成煤炭的过程。成煤作用可分为三个阶段:第一阶段为菌解阶段,即植物死亡后被泥沙覆盖,逐渐与氧气隔绝,并开始腐烂,氢氧成分逐渐减少,碳的含量相对增加,成为泥炭;第二阶段为煤化阶段,是泥炭经成岩作用,使碳的含量进一步增加,成为褐煤;第三阶段为变质阶段,是褐煤受高温高压的影响而变为烟煤和无烟煤的过程。

 

地质作用
引起地壳及其表面形态不断发生变化的作用,就是地质作用。地质作用按其能量来源,可分为内力作用和外力作用。内力作用的能量来自地球本身,主要是地球内部的热能,它表现为地壳运动、岩浆活动、变质作用等。外力作用的能量来自地球外部,主要是太阳能。有了太阳辐射能,风才能吹,水才能流,生物才会生长等等,从而引起地壳表层物质的破坏、搬运、堆积。地表形态就是在内外力相互作用下,不断发展变化的。

  • 打赏

x

  • 微信
  • 支付宝
除特殊注明外,资料来源于网络,仅供学习,请于24小时内 删除
吾爱地理 » 风化作用、成煤作用、地质作用
Thank you for your sharing. I am worried that I lack creative ideas. It is your article that makes me full of hope. Thank you. But, I have a question, can you help me?
Thank you for your sharing. I am worried that I lack creative ideas. It is your article that makes me full of hope. Thank you. But, I have a question, can you help me?
Thanks for sharing. I read many of your blog posts, cool, your blog is very good.
Can you be more specific about the content of your article? After reading it, I still have some doubts. Hope you can help me.
Your article helped me a lot, is there any more related content? Thanks!
Your point of view caught my eye and was very interesting. Thanks. I have a question for you.
Thanks for sharing. I read many of your blog posts, cool, your blog is very good.
Can you be more specific about the content of your article? After reading it, I still have some doubts. Hope you can help me.
Can you be more specific about the content of your article? After reading it, I still have some doubts. Hope you can help me.
Thank you for your sharing. I am worried that I lack creative ideas. It is your article that makes me full of hope. Thank you. But, I have a question, can you help me?
Thanks for sharing. I read many of your blog posts, cool, your blog is very good.
Your article helped me a lot, is there any more related content? Thanks!
Can you be more specific about the content of your article? After reading it, I still have some doubts. Hope you can help me.
Your point of view caught my eye and was very interesting. Thanks. I have a question for you.
Can you be more specific about the content of your article? After reading it, I still have some doubts. Hope you can help me.
Reading your article has greatly helped me, and I agree with you. But I still have some questions. Can you help me? I will pay attention to your answer. thank you.
Your point of view caught my eye and was very interesting. Thanks. I have a question for you.
Your point of view caught my eye and was very interesting. Thanks. I have a question for you.
Can you be more specific about the content of your article? After reading it, I still have some doubts. Hope you can help me.
Thanks for sharing. I read many of your blog posts, cool, your blog is very good.
Your article helped me a lot, is there any more related content? Thanks!
Reading your article has greatly helped me, and I agree with you. But I still have some questions. Can you help me? I will pay attention to your answer. thank you.
Your article helped me a lot, is there any more related content? Thanks!
Thank you for your sharing. I am worried that I lack creative ideas. It is your article that makes me full of hope. Thank you. But, I have a question, can you help me?
I don't think the title of your article matches the content lol. Just kidding, mainly because I had some doubts after reading the article.
Can you be more specific about the content of your article? After reading it, I still have some doubts. Hope you can help me.
Your article helped me a lot, is there any more related content? Thanks!
Pretty! This has been a really wonderful post. Many thanks for providing these details.
Your article helped me a lot, is there any more related content? Thanks!
Your article helped me a lot, is there any more related content? Thanks!
Can you be more specific about the content of your article? After reading it, I still have some doubts. Hope you can help me.
I do not even understand how I ended up here, but I assumed this publish used to be great
I’m often to blogging and i really appreciate your content. The article has actually peaks my interest. I’m going to bookmark your web site and maintain checking for brand spanking new information.
Your article helped me a lot, is there any more related content? Thanks!
Great information shared.. really enjoyed reading this post thank you author for sharing this post .. appreciated
For the reason that the admin of this site is working, no uncertainty very quickly it will be renowned, due to its quality contents.
Thank you for your sharing. I am worried that I lack creative ideas. It is your article that makes me full of hope. Thank you. But, I have a question, can you help me?
Thanks for sharing. I read many of your blog posts, cool, your blog is very good.
I really like reading through a post that can make men and women think. Also, thank you for allowing me to comment!
I appreciate you sharing this blog post. Thanks Again. Cool.
I don't think the title of your article matches the content lol. Just kidding, mainly because I had some doubts after reading the article.
Your article helped me a lot, is there any more related content? Thanks!
Can you be more specific about the content of your article? After reading it, I still have some doubts. Hope you can help me.
I appreciate you sharing this blog post. Thanks Again. Cool.
Thank you for your sharing. I am worried that I lack creative ideas. It is your article that makes me full of hope. Thank you. But, I have a question, can you help me?
I don't think the title of your article matches the content lol. Just kidding, mainly because I had some doubts after reading the article.
I don't think the title of your article matches the content lol. Just kidding, mainly because I had some doubts after reading the article.
Thanks for sharing. I read many of your blog posts, cool, your blog is very good.
I just like the helpful information you provide in your articles
Your article helped me a lot, is there any more related content? Thanks!
Can you be more specific about the content of your article? After reading it, I still have some doubts. Hope you can help me.
Thanks for sharing. I read many of your blog posts, cool, your blog is very good.
Good post! We will be linking to this particularly great post on our site. Keep up the great writing
Nice post. I learn something totally new and challenging on websites
Very well presented. Every quote was awesome and thanks for sharing the content. Keep sharing and keep motivating others.
This was beautiful Admin. Thank you for your reflections.
Thanks for sharing. I read many of your blog posts, cool, your blog is very good.
I truly appreciate your technique of writing a blog. I added it to my bookmark site list and will
Thanks for sharing. I read many of your blog posts, cool, your blog is very good.
Your article helped me a lot, is there any more related content? Thanks!
Thanks for sharing. I read many of your blog posts, cool, your blog is very good.
Can you be more specific about the content of your article? After reading it, I still have some doubts. Hope you can help me.
Your point of view caught my eye and was very interesting. Thanks. I have a question for you.
Thank you for your sharing. I am worried that I lack creative ideas. It is your article that makes me full of hope. Thank you. But, I have a question, can you help me?
Great information shared.. really enjoyed reading this post thank you author for sharing this post .. appreciated
Can you be more specific about the content of your article? After reading it, I still have some doubts. Hope you can help me.
Thanks for sharing. I read many of your blog posts, cool, your blog is very good.
This was beautiful Admin. Thank you for your reflections.
Your article helped me a lot, is there any more related content? Thanks!