初中地理学习方法之培养学习兴趣

要学好地理,我们就要注重学习地理知识兴趣的培养。在地理学习的许多因素中,兴趣是学习地理的巨大动力,只有爱好这门学科才会去自觉地学习,只有对这门学科产生浓厚的兴趣,才 能更 自 觉 地 学 习。

一、通过身边的现象,激 发 学 习 兴 趣。我们身边存在着许多与地理有关的现象,如 太 阳 为 何 总是 东 升 西 落,为 何 冬 冷 夏 热 等。在初中地理中,如 果 能将身边的这些地理现象与课本的内容结合起来,就 等 于 说 给了地理这门课程一定的生命力,使地理课对学生有了吸引力,那么学生学习地理的积极性就自然地调动起来了。还 可以结合社会发展变化的现象来说明地理的重要性,从 而 激 发学生学习地理的兴趣。比 如:现在我国的经济取得了突飞猛进 的 发 展,那“建设有中国特色的社会主义,需要有一门新的科 学 技 术,那就是地理科学。”地理科学在我国社会主义现代化 建 设 中,已经是不能缺少的一门基础性学科。我 们 要 实 行可 持 续 发 展,强调在发展现在的同时还要考虑子孙后代的发展,这也离不开地理知识的指导。又 如:讲我国的交通运输时,可 结 合“要 先 富,先 修 路”的 道 理,来说明交通运输的重要性,我国已经建成的青藏铁路,将对青藏地区的经济发展起巨 大 的 带 动 作 用。这 样,结合我们身边的与地理有关的现象和实例来学习地理,兴趣更大了。

二、通过科学的记忆方法,激 发 学 习 兴 趣。地理知识往往很抽象,难 记 忆,结果导致许多同学对地理 学 习 没 有 兴 趣,单 靠 死 记 硬 背,感觉地理枯燥无味。想 一些科学的记忆方法能激发学习的兴趣。比 如:在 学习 我 国 的邻国时可以这样记忆:东 朝 鲜、北 蒙 古,东 北、西 北 俄 罗 斯,西北 三 国 哈 吉 塔,西面巴基阿富汗,西 南 印 度 尼 锡 丹,南 部 还 有缅 老 越。再 如 讲 我 国 的34个省级行政单位时,可 以 这 样 记忆:两 湖 两 广 两 河 山,五江二宁青陕甘,云贵西四北上天,渝蒙 台 海 福 吉 安,港澳设立特别区,祖国统一人民愿。这 样 觉 得 有 趣,记忆后非常牢固。

三、通过培养思维能力,激 发 学 习 兴 趣。在地理学习中要注意巧妙设计问题,调 动 学 生 思 维,加快 理 解 知 识,培 养 思 维 能 力。比 如:在 学习“青 藏 地 区”时,可先 由 青 藏 地 区 的 地 势 高,启 发 :“海 拔 平 均 每 升 高100米,气 温 约 降 低0.6°C。”在这一启发下得出,青 藏 地 区 的气候属于高原高山气候,气 温 较 低,冬 冷 夏 凉。还 有“为 什 么在极其寒冷的南极大陆发现了只有在暖湿环境下才能形成的 巨 大 煤 层?”为什么在炎热干燥的非洲靠近赤道处,却 发现了古代冰川的遗迹?”想 知 道 为 什 么,听课的注意力集中 了,思 维 被 启 动 了,兴趣也得以提高。

四、通 过 看 图、指 图 用 图,激 发 学 习 兴 趣。地图是学习地理的重要工具,把所学的地理知识依 附 在 地 图 上,形成空间概念就容易记住,并能引起一系列的 联 想,获得新的更多的地理知识。初中地理的学习中,对地图的运用侧重于看、指、读、写。看———指的是看图中的图例、文 字、数 字 等。指———首 先 要 定 方 向,所 学 的 地 名,都 要求在地图册上查找。读———字数长的地名要反复读。写———同 音、近 形、近义的地名要多写。

五、通过利用多媒体,激 发 学 生习兴 趣。地理教学中有许多地理知识是比较抽象的,看 不 见,摸不 着。如果运用多媒体教学借助动画课件则可以形象地把地理知识演示出来。我们在现代信息技术越来越发达的今天优化我们的教学形式,提高教学效率的当务之急就是把课程与多媒体有机地结合起来。例 如:在 教 学“黄 河”的 地 理知 识 时,我利用多媒体课件把“黄 河”的相关知识展示到大屏幕 上,学生通过观看课件很轻松也很清楚的掌握了学习的知识。把 黄 河 的 发 源 地、流 经 的 省 区、注入的海洋等知识都深深地印在了脑海里。尤其是我们把黄河称为我们中华民族的 母 亲 河,而 又 说 黄 河 是 我 们 的“害 河”这 一 知 识 点,如 果 仅靠我们教师的口头解释,恐 怕 很 难 讲 清 楚。利用多媒体使这一 难 点 很 好 地 解 决 了。同时使知识面也得以扩大。所 以,恰当地利用多媒体辅助教学,将图、文、声、像 融 为 一 体,使 教 和 学,学和练的活动变得丰富多彩,激发学习地理的兴趣。

总 之,在地理学习中有了学习的兴趣就能激发学生们刻苦 求 知 的 学 习 精 神。因 此,我们在教学过程中,想 办 法 激 发学生的学习兴趣,从而更好地提高教学质量。


张辉志.浅谈初中地理教学中学生学习兴趣的培养[J].考试周刊,2018(87):150.

图片来源于百度图片http://r6a.cn/bst16

陈 朝 霞巧 记 初 中 地 理 知 识新 课 程 学 习综 合),201010于 媛 媛激发初中地理学习兴趣的方法新 课 程 学),201101)[1]陈 朝 霞.巧 记 初 中 地 理 知 识[J].新 课 程 学 习(综 合),2010(10).[2]于 媛 媛.激发初中地理学习兴趣的方法[J].新 课 程 学习(中),2011(01).[3]陆 文 武.谈初中地理学习兴趣的培养[J].科 学 教 育,2003(05).陆 文 武谈初中地理学习兴趣的培养科 学 教 育200305

陈 朝 霞巧 记 初 中 地 理 知 识新 课 程 学 习综 合),201010于 媛 媛激发初中地理学习兴趣的方法新 课 程 学),201101陆 文 武谈初中地理学习兴趣的培养科 学 教 育200305

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吾爱地理 » 初中地理学习方法之培养学习兴趣
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